:root{
  --paper:#f8f8f4;
  --paper-2:#eef0eb;
  --ink:#151715;
  --muted:#6f746e;
  --soft:#aeb5ac;
  --line:#d7dcd5;
  --accent:#667b70;
  --accent-2:#9aaea2;
  --dark:#1a1d1b;
  --white:#fbfbf8;
  --serif:'Playfair Display',Georgia,serif;
  --sans:'Inter',Arial,sans-serif;
  --mono:'DM Mono',monospace;
  --max:1220px;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;overflow-x:hidden}
a{color:inherit}
#live-bg{position:fixed;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;pointer-events:none;z-index:0;opacity:.58}
.page-wash{position:fixed;inset:0;background:radial-gradient(circle at 18% 8%,rgba(255,255,255,.85),transparent 34%),radial-gradient(circle at 86% 78%,rgba(170,191,180,.10),transparent 34%);pointer-events:none;z-index:1}
.site-header,main,.footer{position:relative;z-index:2}
.container{width:min(calc(100% - 48px),var(--max));margin-inline:auto}
.site-header{padding:24px 0 18px}
.nav{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto 1fr;align-items:center;gap:24px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:16px}
.wordmark{font-weight:800;text-decoration:none;letter-spacing:-.08em;font-size:24px}.wordmark span{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:500;font-style:italic}
.nav-links{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:28px}.nav-links a,.resume-link,.underlink{font-size:12px;text-decoration:none}.nav-links a,.resume-link{color:var(--muted);transition:color .2s ease}.nav-links a:hover,.resume-link:hover{color:var(--accent)}.resume-link{text-align:right}
.hero{padding-top:62px;padding-bottom:52px}.hero-topline{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font:500 10px var(--mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--muted);padding-bottom:18px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.hero-main{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.2fr .8fr;gap:70px;align-items:end;padding-top:70px}.kicker,.section-no{font:500 10px var(--mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.09em;color:var(--muted)}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(62px,9vw,132px);line-height:.86;letter-spacing:-.075em;margin:18px 0 34px;font-weight:700;max-width:900px}.hero h1 em{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:500;color:#746f67;letter-spacing:-.06em}.hero-intro{font-size:18px;line-height:1.58;max-width:620px;color:#4f4c46;margin-bottom:28px}
.hero-links{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap}.pill{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:15px;border:1px solid var(--ink);border-radius:999px;padding:10px 16px;text-decoration:none;font-size:12px;font-weight:600;background:var(--ink);color:var(--white);transition:transform .2s ease,background .2s ease}.pill:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);background:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent)}.pill span{font-size:14px}.underlink{border-bottom:1px solid #aab2aa;padding-bottom:3px;transition:color .2s ease,border-color .2s ease}.underlink:hover{color:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent)}
.hero-photo{justify-self:end;width:min(100%,470px)}.photo-frame{background:var(--paper-2);padding:11px;border:1px solid var(--line);box-shadow:0 18px 55px rgba(83,76,65,.08)}.photo-frame img{display:block;width:100%;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 20%;filter:saturate(.86) contrast(.98)}.photo-caption{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;padding:11px 3px 2px;font:500 9px var(--mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--muted)}
.hero-note{margin-top:55px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);display:grid;grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;gap:20px;padding-top:13px;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.hero-note strong{font-weight:500;color:var(--ink)}
.marquee{overflow:hidden;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:rgba(255,255,255,.12)}.marquee-track{display:flex;width:max-content;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:13px 0;font:500 10px var(--mono);letter-spacing:.11em;color:#6f6a62;animation:marquee 28s linear infinite}.marquee-track b{font-weight:400;color:#aaa398}@keyframes marquee{to{transform:translateX(-50%)}}
.section-pad{padding-top:105px;padding-bottom:105px}.section-heading{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 360px;gap:50px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:45px}.section-heading h2{font-size:clamp(48px,6vw,84px);letter-spacing:-.06em;line-height:.9;margin:12px 0 0}.section-heading h2 em,.about-copy h2 em{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:500;color:#667269}.section-blurb{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);max-width:360px;margin:0 0 5px}
.projects-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:68px 32px}.project-card{min-width:0}.project-wide{grid-column:1/-1}.project-image{display:block;position:relative;height:430px;overflow:hidden;background:#e8ece7;border:1px solid var(--line);text-decoration:none}.project-wide .project-image{height:600px}.project-image img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .7s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);filter:saturate(.92)}
.pcb-gallery{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:1px;background:var(--line);position:relative}
.pcb-gallery figure{position:relative;margin:0;min-width:0;overflow:hidden;background:#e8ece7}
.pcb-gallery figure:first-child{background:#dfe4de}
.pcb-gallery figure:last-child{background:#d9ddd8}
.pcb-gallery figure img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .7s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);filter:saturate(.92)}
.project-card:hover .pcb-gallery figure img{transform:scale(1.018)}
.pcb-gallery figcaption{position:absolute;left:14px;top:14px;font:500 9px var(--mono);letter-spacing:.08em;color:#f7f9f6;background:rgba(28,34,30,.72);padding:6px 8px}
.pcb-gallery .image-meta{z-index:3}
.project-card:hover .project-image img{transform:scale(1.025)}.image-meta{position:absolute;left:16px;bottom:14px;font:500 9px var(--mono);letter-spacing:.08em;color:#f7f9f6;background:rgba(28,34,30,.72);padding:6px 8px}.image-scara img{object-position:center 50%}.image-echo img{object-position:center 50%}.pcb-image{display:grid;place-items:center;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#e5e0d6,#cfc7ba)}
.pcb-artwork{width:58%;aspect-ratio:4/5;border:1px solid #5b594f;background:#72716a;position:relative;box-shadow:0 20px 45px rgba(39,35,30,.12);transform:rotate(-5deg)}.pcb-artwork:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:10px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent 0 28%,rgba(220,214,201,.18) 28% 29%,transparent 29% 56%,rgba(220,214,201,.18) 56% 57%,transparent 57%),linear-gradient(0deg,transparent 0 33%,rgba(220,214,201,.18) 33% 34%,transparent 34% 68%,rgba(220,214,201,.18) 68% 69%,transparent 69%)}.pcb-artwork:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:22px;border:1px solid rgba(244,241,232,.35);border-radius:2px}.pcb-artwork span{position:absolute;left:20px;bottom:22px;font:500 27px var(--mono);color:#e9e4da;letter-spacing:.08em;z-index:2}.pcb-artwork i{position:absolute;width:10px;height:10px;border-radius:50%;border:2px solid #d9d1c4;background:#807d73;z-index:2}.pcb-artwork i:nth-of-type(1){left:24px;top:24px}.pcb-artwork i:nth-of-type(2){right:24px;top:24px}.pcb-artwork i:nth-of-type(3){left:24px;bottom:24px}.pcb-artwork i:nth-of-type(4){right:24px;bottom:24px}
.project-body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:55px 1fr;gap:16px;padding-top:17px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:14px}.project-index{font:500 10px var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.project-body h3{margin:0;font-size:31px;line-height:1.03;letter-spacing:-.05em}.compact h3{font-size:25px}.project-body p{margin:10px 0 0;max-width:760px;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.project-tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;margin-top:14px}.project-tags span{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:999px;padding:5px 8px;font-size:9px;color:#636c66;background:rgba(255,255,255,.38)}
.experience-section{background:rgba(238,240,235,.78);border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.experience-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.experience-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:55px 1fr 150px;gap:20px;padding:26px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);align-items:start}.exp-num,.exp-date{font:500 10px var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.exp-date{text-align:right}.exp-role h3{margin:0;font-size:23px;letter-spacing:-.035em}.exp-role p{margin:8px 0 0;max-width:720px;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}
.about-section{background:#eef0eb}.about-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;gap:80px}.about-mark{display:flex;flex-direction:column;font-size:96px;line-height:.64;letter-spacing:-.13em;font-weight:700}.about-mark span:nth-child(2){font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:500;margin-left:12px}.about-mark small{font:700 28px var(--sans);letter-spacing:-.08em;margin-left:56px;margin-top:5px}.about-copy h2{font-size:clamp(52px,7vw,95px);line-height:.88;letter-spacing:-.07em;margin:15px 0 38px}.about-copy>p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;color:#555149;max-width:760px}.discipline-list{margin-top:55px;border-top:1px solid #bfb8ac;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:0}.discipline-list div{padding:14px 14px 0 0}.discipline-list span{display:block;font:500 9px var(--mono);color:#756f66;margin-bottom:14px}.discipline-list strong{font-size:12px;font-weight:500}
.approach-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.approach{padding:23px 24px 4px 0;border-right:1px solid var(--line)}.approach:not(:first-child){padding-left:24px}.approach:last-child{border-right:0}.approach span{font:500 10px var(--mono);color:var(--muted)}.approach h3{font-size:23px;letter-spacing:-.04em;margin:30px 0 8px}.approach p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);max-width:290px}
.contact-section{background:#171b18;color:var(--white);border-top:1px solid #282721}.contact-inner{text-align:center;max-width:900px}.contact-inner .section-no{color:#a29b90}.contact-inner h2{font-size:clamp(55px,8vw,108px);line-height:.86;letter-spacing:-.075em;margin:16px auto 20px;max-width:880px}.contact-inner>p:not(.section-no){color:#c7c0b4;max-width:510px;margin:0 auto;font-size:14px}.contact-actions{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:34px}.dark-pill{background:var(--white);color:var(--ink);border-color:var(--white)}.light-link{color:var(--white);border-color:#7c776f}
.footer{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:25px 0 35px;font:500 9px var(--mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;color:#777168}.footer a{text-decoration:none;color:#6e685f}
.reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(18px);transition:opacity .75s ease,transform .75s ease}.reveal.visible{opacity:1;transform:none}.delay-1{transition-delay:.1s}
@media(max-width:900px){.nav{grid-template-columns:1fr auto}.nav-links{display:none}.hero-main{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-photo{justify-self:start;width:min(100%,520px)}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(58px,14vw,100px)}.section-heading{grid-template-columns:1fr}.projects-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.project-wide{grid-column:auto}.project-wide .project-image{height:500px}.pcb-gallery{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.about-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:45px}.about-mark{font-size:76px}.discipline-list{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;row-gap:26px}.experience-row{grid-template-columns:45px 1fr}.exp-date{grid-column:2;text-align:left}.approach-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.approach,.approach:not(:first-child){padding:22px 0;border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.approach:last-child{border-bottom:0}.hero-note{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
@media(max-width:560px){.container{width:min(calc(100% - 30px),var(--max))}.site-header{padding-top:18px}.hero{padding-top:40px}.hero-topline{gap:20px;flex-direction:column}.hero-main{padding-top:42px;gap:45px}.hero h1{font-size:60px}.hero-intro{font-size:16px}.project-image,.project-wide .project-image{height:360px}.pcb-gallery{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.project-body{grid-template-columns:42px 1fr}.project-body h3,.compact h3{font-size:23px}.section-pad{padding-top:80px;padding-bottom:80px}.discipline-list{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.footer{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px}.pcb-artwork{width:66%}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}.marquee-track{animation:none}.reveal{transition:none}}

/* Project image updates: preserve the original layout and visual language. */
.bionic-image{background:#e8ece7}
.bionic-image img{object-fit:contain;object-position:center;background:#e8ece7}
.nspcs-image img{object-fit:contain;padding:28px;box-sizing:border-box;background:#e8ece7}


/* Keep the complete SCARA mechanism and self-balancing robot visible. */
.image-scara, .self-balancer-image{background:#e8ece7}
.image-scara img, .self-balancer-image img{object-fit:contain;object-position:center;background:#e8ece7}
.project-card:hover .image-scara img, .project-card:hover .self-balancer-image img{transform:none}


/* Compact appearance switch beside Resume; retains the original navigation style. */
.nav-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;gap:18px}
.theme-toggle{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:999px;background:transparent;color:var(--muted);font:500 11px var(--sans);cursor:pointer;transition:background .2s ease,color .2s ease,border-color .2s ease}
.theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--ink);border-color:var(--accent);background:var(--paper-2)}
.theme-toggle-icon{font-size:15px;line-height:1}
@media(max-width:900px){.nav-actions{gap:12px}}
@media(max-width:560px){.nav-actions{gap:8px}.theme-toggle{padding:6px 8px}.theme-toggle-label{display:none}}

/* Dark theme: same editorial palette, inverted with muted green accents. */
:root[data-theme="dark"]{
  color-scheme:dark;
  --paper:#171b18;
  --paper-2:#202722;
  --ink:#edf0e9;
  --muted:#aab2a9;
  --soft:#77847a;
  --line:#39443c;
  --accent:#a2b7a8;
  --accent-2:#748d7c;
  --dark:#101411;
  --white:#f2f4ee;
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .page-wash{background:radial-gradient(circle at 18% 8%,rgba(91,112,98,.13),transparent 34%),radial-gradient(circle at 86% 78%,rgba(104,133,113,.10),transparent 34%)}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .marquee{background:rgba(255,255,255,.015)}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .marquee-track{color:#aab2a9}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .marquee-track b{color:#69756c}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .project-tags span{color:#c0c9c0;background:rgba(255,255,255,.035)}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .experience-section,:root[data-theme="dark"] .about-section{background:#202722}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .about-copy>p{color:#c0c8bf}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .discipline-list{border-color:var(--line)}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .discipline-list span{color:#aab2a9}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .contact-section{background:#0e120f;border-color:#303a32}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .contact-inner>p:not(.section-no){color:#b7c0b7}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .footer,:root[data-theme="dark"] .footer a{color:#aab2a9}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle{color:var(--muted);border-color:var(--line)}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--ink);background:#29332c}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .image-scara,:root[data-theme="dark"] .self-balancer-image,:root[data-theme="dark"] .bionic-image{background:#252e28}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .image-scara img,:root[data-theme="dark"] .self-balancer-image img,:root[data-theme="dark"] .bionic-image img{background:#252e28}